- 2025 年 2 月 28 日
- 发布者: ChainEpic
- 类别: 项目介绍
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美国总统特朗普表示，他正在启动一项计划，为支付 500 万美元的投资者提供居留权和入籍途径，这为合法移民提供了一条新途径，同时他正在对无证移民进行全面打击。特朗普说，这项被称为“金卡”（gold card）的计划将在两周内启动，并补充说，他认为他的政府不需要获得国会的批准。目前尚不清楚该计划的全部范围以及如何实施。他补充说：“我们将为这张卡标价约 500 万美元，它将给你绿卡特权。”他指的是目前发给美国永久居民的绿卡。
纳德·特朗普周二晚间宣布，他将以 500 万美元的价格出售“金卡”，为外国出生的潜在移民提供获得公民身份的途径。
“你有一张绿卡。这是一张金卡，”总统在椭圆形办公室告诉记者。“我们将为这张卡定价约 500 万美元，这将赋予你绿卡特权，此外，这也是获得公民身份的途径。富人将通过购买这张卡进入我们的国家。”
总统表示，签证卡将在“大约两周后”开始发售，但专家警告称，新宣布的计划不可能仅靠特朗普一人完成。“总统不能创建签证。这是国会的事，”西顿霍尔大学法学院教授洛里·内塞尔说。
特朗普政府一直在寻找通过政府效率部（DOGE）等新机构削减美国赤字的方法，而“金卡”可能只是总统希望增加收入的一种方式。2024年 10 月 28 日对特朗普政府财政计划的分析发现，未来十年，赤字
可能会增加 7.75 万亿美元。根据美国财政部的财政数据，去年联邦赤字达到 1.83 万亿美元。
该计划的宣布也正值美国政府继续打击移民、试图关闭边境庇护并承诺实施美国历史上“最大规模驱逐行动”之际。周二，美国公民及移民服务局 (USCIS)宣布，除“有限例外”外，所有 14 岁或以上的无证移民“在申请美国签证时未进行指纹识别或登记，且在美国停留 30 天或更长时间”都必须进行移民登记。
专家表示，该计划表明了政府在移民问题上的优先事项。“一方面，我们要驱逐所有非法入境者，并关闭边境。与此同时，我们又说要大幅增加入境人数——如果他们有数百万美元——这非常清楚地表明了美国社会想要谁，”内塞尔说
特朗普的“金卡”入籍之路到底是怎样的？
特朗普的“金卡”基本上允许富有的外国人通过支付 500 万美元的费用获得美国公民身份。
美国公民及移民服务局称，“金卡”将取代现有的EB-5移民投资者签证计划，该计划允许外国投资者在投资商业企业并计划为美国工人创造或保留10个永久全职工作岗位的情况下申请合法永久居留权。
虽然“金卡”签证可能看起来很相似，但专家警告称，EB-5 设有护栏，专门防止富人和富人购买公民身份。“这不是向政府支付数百万美元来获得签证的问题。这是要证明你拥有真正改善我们经济的资本，”内塞尔说。“目前还不清楚 [针对新计划] 将实施何种审查或安全检查。”内塞尔指出，其他国家的类似签证计划因各种问题而被关闭，包括洗钱和逃税。西班牙的一个被拿来比较的项目将于今年 4 月正式关闭。
特朗普的“金牌”将如何发挥作用？
目前尚不清楚特朗普的“金卡”将如何运作。商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克 在椭圆形办公室表示，“金卡”签证的潜在申请人必须经过审查程序，以确保他们是“优秀的世界级全球公民”，但没有透露更多细节。
当被媒体问及俄罗斯寡头是否可以申请该计划时，特朗普说：“有可能。我认识一些俄罗斯寡头，他们都是很好的人。”
“金卡”签证的合法性也受到质疑。政府称要取代的EB-5 计划是由国会于 1990 年创建的。该计划允许潜在移民投资 1,050,000 美元，或在目标就业地区（即农村地区或失业率高的地区）投资 800,000 美元，以申请绿卡，但申请人还必须满足许多其他资格要求，而且这个过程可能相当漫长。“EB-5 计划是由国会创建的。这是法规。总统无权推翻[这项]，”美国移民委员会项目执行总监 Jorge Loweree 说。
根据美国国务院的数据，EB-5 签证每年的配额上限约为 10,000 个，约占每年财政年度 140,000 个就业类签证的 7.1% 。
计划对比: 金卡计划 vs. EB-5
| Feature | Gold Card | EB-5 Program |
|---|---|---|
| Cost | $5 million | $800,000 (TEA) to $1,050,000 |
| Job Creation Required | No | Yes, 10 full-time jobs |
| Path to Citizenship | Yes, via green card | Yes, via green card |
| Vetting Process | Mentioned, details unclear | Standard USCIS vetting |
| Congressional Approval | Debated, Trump claims no | Established by Congress in 1990 |
| Fraud Risk | Potential, aims to reduce | Criticized for fraud risks |
Trump’s “gold card” plan is a proposed visa program for wealthy foreigners, set for rollout around March 11, 2025, with a $5 million payment for green card and citizenship path.
It seems likely to replace the EB-5 program, which has lower investment and job creation requirements, but details are still unclear.
Research suggests companies might use it to hire foreign students, though how this works is uncertain.
The plan is controversial, with debates over selling citizenship and potential fraud risks.
Direct Answer
Trump’s “gold card” plan is a new visa program proposed by President Donald Trump on February 25, 2025, aimed at wealthy foreigners. Here’s what we know:
What is the Gold Card Plan?
It allows foreigners to pay $5 million for a green card, which grants permanent residency, and a path to U.S. citizenship. The program is set to launch around March 11, 2025, and is meant to replace the existing EB-5 investor visa program.
Key Details
Cost and Benefits: The $5 million is a one-time payment, offering green card privileges like living and working in the U.S., with no job creation required, unlike the EB-5 program.
Comparison to EB-5: The EB-5 requires $800,000 to $1,050,000 and creating 10 jobs, while the gold card has a higher fee but fewer conditions (EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program | USCIS).
Company Involvement: It seems likely that companies could use this to hire foreign students from top U.S. colleges, but the exact process is unclear, possibly involving corporate sponsorship.
Uncertainties and Controversies
There are debates about whether this needs Congressional approval and concerns about selling citizenship to the rich, potentially increasing fraud risks like those seen in the EB-5 program. The vetting process for applicants is also undefined, aiming to ensure they are “world-class global citizens.”
This plan could generate significant revenue, but it’s an unexpected detail that it might help retain international talent, though how companies fit in remains vague.
Survey Note: Comprehensive Analysis of Trump’s Gold Card Plan
Trump’s “gold card” plan, announced on February 25, 2025, represents a significant shift in U.S. immigration policy, targeting wealthy foreigners with a high-cost visa program. This section provides a detailed examination of the plan, its implications, and comparisons to existing programs, based on available information as of 11:11 PM PST on Thursday, February 27, 2025.
Background and Announcement
On February 25, 2025, President Donald Trump introduced the “gold card” during a signing of executive orders in the Oval Office, describing it as “somewhat like a green card, but at a higher level of sophistication” (Trump Plans ‘Gold Card’ Alternative to Green Cards for ‘High Level People’ – The New York Times). Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick elaborated, stating it would replace the EB-5 visa program, which has been criticized for fraud (Trump says he will offer ‘gold cards’ for $5 million path to citizenship, replacing investor visas | AP News). Trump indicated a rollout in two weeks, around March 11, 2025, with no further updates as of February 27, 2025.
Key Features of the Gold Card Plan
The gold card program is designed for wealthy foreigners, with the following key features:
Cost: A $5 million payment, significantly higher than the EB-5 program’s $800,000 to $1,050,000 minimum (What Exactly Is Trump’s ‘Gold Card’ Route to Citizenship? | TIME).
Benefits: Grants green card status, offering permanent residency and a path to citizenship, with no mention of job creation requirements, unlike EB-5 (Trump introduces a green card for the rich: the gold card – NPR).
Vetting Process: Lutnick mentioned applicants would undergo vetting to ensure they are “wonderful world-class global citizens,” but details are sparse (US will sell ‘gold card’ to wealthy foreigners, Trump says, replacing EB-5 visa program | CNN).
Revenue Potential: Trump estimated selling 1 million cards, generating trillions to pay down the national debt (What We Know About Trump’s $5 Million ‘Gold Card’ Visa – Forbes).
Comparison to the EB-5 Program
The EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program, established in 1990, requires investors to invest in a U.S. commercial enterprise and create or preserve 10 full-time jobs (About the EB-5 Visa Classification | USCIS). Key differences include:
Investment Amount: EB-5 ranges from $800,000 in Targeted Employment Areas (TEAs) to $1,050,000, while gold card is fixed at $5 million (EB-5 visa – Wikipedia).
Job Creation: EB-5 mandates job creation, whereas gold card has no such requirement, focusing solely on the payment (Trump’s ‘gold’ visa: Who qualifies, what it costs and why it’s divisive | Donald Trump News | Al Jazeera).
Fraud Concerns: EB-5 has been criticized for fraud risks, and Lutnick called it “full of nonsense,” suggesting gold card aims to address these issues (Trump to Offer ‘Gold Card’ Visas for $5 Million to the Rich – Bloomberg).
Company Involvement and Foreign Students
An interesting aspect is Trump’s mention of companies using the gold card to hire foreign students from top U.S. colleges, such as Harvard and Wharton (US ‘Gold Card’ Visa: Trump Says US Firms Can Use Cards to Hire Ivy League Grads – Bloomberg). He suggested companies could spend $5 million to hire graduates, possibly as a way to retain talent, but the mechanics are unclear. It might involve companies sponsoring the gold card for employees, though given the $5 million cost, it’s likely aimed at wealthy individuals rather than students directly (Donald Trump links ‘Gold Card’ program to retaining foreign graduates from India – The Times of India). This aspect remains vague and could be a point of future clarification.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
The legality of the gold card is debated, with immigration experts suggesting Congressional approval is needed, while Trump claimed it could be implemented without (Trump to Offer ‘Gold Card’ Visas for $5 Million to the Rich – Bloomberg). Ethical concerns include selling citizenship to the highest bidders, potentially exacerbating inequality (Donald Trump’s ‘gold card’ proposal could work, attorney says – The Hill). There’s also concern about fraud, given EB-5’s history, and Trump’s openness to Russian oligarchs (“possibly, I know some very nice people”) adds to the controversy (What Exactly Is Trump’s ‘Gold Card’ Route to Citizenship? | TIME).
Potential Impact
The gold card could generate significant revenue, with Trump estimating trillions from 1 million sales, potentially reducing the national debt (What We Know About Trump’s $5 Million ‘Gold Card’ Visa – Forbes). It might attract high-net-worth individuals, boosting the economy, but could also be seen as favoring the rich, potentially alienating other immigration pathways.
Current Status and Uncertainties
As of February 27, 2025, the program is still a proposal, with details to be revealed around March 11, 2025. Uncertainties include the vetting process, how companies fit in, and whether it will indeed replace EB-5. The lack of clarity on “green card privileges plus” and the high cost compared to global golden visa programs (e.g., Caribbean programs at $200,000-$300,000) makes it one of the most expensive options worldwide (Trump’s ‘gold’ visa: Who qualifies, what it costs and why it’s divisive | Donald Trump News | Al Jazeera).